Determine the amount of the standard deduction allowed for 2020in the following independent situations. In each case, assume that the taxpayer is claimed as another person’s dependent. a. Curtis, age 18, has income as follows: $700 interest from a certificate of deposit and $6,100 from repairing cars.
b. Mattie, age 18, has income as follows: $600 cash dividends from a stock investment and $4,700 from handling a paper route.
c. Mel, age 16, has income as follows: $675 interest on a bank savings account and $800 for painting a neighbor's fence.
d. Lucy, age 15, has income as follows: $400 cash dividends from a stock investment and $500 from grooming pets.
e. Sarah, age 67 and a widow, has income as follows: $500 from a bank savings account and $3,200 from babysitting.

2. the external environment (connect)choose whether each example belongs in the general, task, or internal environment.exampleenvironmenta worldwide recession task environment / general environment / internal environmentlocal mothers asking their community grocery store to carry no-salt cheerios-type cereal for their babies task environment / general environment / internal environmentchoose the phrase that best completes the following sentence.the relationship between the task environment and the general environment is best described as: a one-way system: changes in the task environment affect the general environment, but changes in the general environment do not affect the task environment.an open system: changes in the task environment affect the general environment, and changes in the general environment affect the task environment.a one-way system: changes in the general environment affect the task environment, but changes in the task environment do not affect the general environment.a closed system: changes in the general environment do not affect the task environment, and changes in the task environment do not affect the general environment.©bloomberg via getty imagesmanagement in the newsin april 2010, the explosion of british petroleum’s (bp) deepwater horizon oil drilling rig and the accompanying oil spill dramatically changed the external environment in which all oil companies operate. the explosion released more oil than any other accidental spill in history and had a huge impact on the waters and surrounding communities of the gulf coast. the conditions that led to the spill, the attempts to stop the spill, and the clean-up and aftermath of the spill prompted debates in the u.s. senate, concern on wall street, and attention from companies all over the world.match each oil spill event with a specific dimension of the general environment.eventgeneral environment dimensionbp stock prices falling 25% during the first month after the oil spill oil seeping into pelican nesting grounds, which will place the brown pelican back on the endangered species list people moving from louisiana to oklahoma to avoid the effects of the spill