To succeed with a low-cost provider strategy, company managers have to A. pursue backward or forward integration to detour suppliers or buyers with considerable bargaining power and leverage. B. keep all value chain activities in-house where they can be monitored. C. sell direct to users of their product or service and eliminate use of any wholesale and retail intermediaries. D. do two things: (1) perform value chain activities more cost-effectively than rivals and (2) be proactive in revamping the firm's overall value chain to eliminate or bypass "nonessential" cost-producing activities. E. outsource the vast majority of value chain activities.