Under "early decision" college admission plans, students apply to a college in the fall and, if they are accepted, they must enroll in that college. Some critics of early decision plans, including some college presidents, argue that the plans put too much pressure on students to decide early in their senior year in high school which college to attend. Some college administrators have proposed abolishing early decision plans, but as a columnist in the New York Times noted, "It's more prevalent than ever, with some selective schools using it to fill upward of 40 percent of their incoming freshman class." Source: Frank Bruni, "The Plague of 'Early Decision,'" New York Times, December 21, 2016. Can game theory help analyze this situation? Game theoryLOADING... can help us analyze this situation as an example of what?

1. which one of the following would be an example of a supply-side market failure? a. a gas station is slowly leaking diesel fuel from its underground tanks, and after the leak is discovered, the business immediately cleans up the pollution at its own expense. b. a gas station is slowly leaking diesel fuel from its underground tanks, but the state uses taxpayer money to clean up the pollution rather than requiring the business to pay. c. your business wants to attract repeat customers by putting on a customer-appreciation picnic at a public park, but you decide not to because you couldn't prevent noncustomers from consuming the food and entertainment you provided. d. everyone rushes to the local retail outlet at midnight on the day of the release of a new video game console, and the store runs out before everyone is able to buy one.