For a natural monopoly firm, the resource-allocative efficient output is 200 units. The highest per-unit price that can be charged for this output is $3. Average total cost at 200 units is $3.50. For the natural monopoly firm that produces and sells 200 units of output, a. marginal cost is below its average total cost. b. fixed costs must be zero. c. it takes losses of $1.50 per unit. d. variable costs must be zero.

1. the political environment in india has proven to be critical to company performance for both pepsico and coca-cola india. what specific aspects of the political environment have played key roles? could these effects have been anticipated prior to market entry? if not, could developments in the political arena have been handled better by each company? 2. timing of entry into the indian market brought different results for pepsico and coca-cola india. what benefits or disadvantages accrued as a result of earlier or later market entry? 3. the indian market is enormous in terms of population and geography. how have the two companies responded to the sheer scale of operations in india in terms of product policies, promotional activities, pricing policies, and distribution arrangements? 4. “global localization” (glocalization) is a policy that both companies have implemented successfully. give examples for each company from the case.

The smelting department of kiner company has the following production and cost data for november. production: beginning work in process 3,700 units that are 100% complete as to materials and 23% complete as to conversion costs; units transferred out 10,500 units; and ending work in process 8,100 units that are 100% complete as to materials and 41% complete as to conversion costs. compute the equivalent units of production for (a) materials and (b) conversion costs for the month of november. materials conversion costs total equivalent units

Atrough in the business cycle occurs when