Type II Diabetes is a costly and potentially debilitating disease. The total costs incurred over a lifetime by a person with Type 2 diabetes were recently estimated to be $85,000 – from treating the disease directly, and complications like nerve damage, amputations, and stroke. Consider a simplified model of the market for health insurance, where diabetes is the only future health risk people face. Assume that there are 1,000 people classified as "normal weight" and 1,000 people classified as "overweight." Normal weight people face a 20% chance of developing Type II diabetes in their lifetime, and overweight people a 30% chance. Assume an individual can expect to earn $2,000,000 over the course of their lifetime. Additionally, assume individuals spend all their money on consumption, and u(c)=c. Ignore any intertemporal considerations of interest rates, inflation or discount factors, i. e. r=0. Suppose insurance companies may measure the weight of an individual prior to offering them an insurance contract, and price their contract based on the result. Assume the only costs the insurance company faces are payments for medical costs if a person develops diabetes, that insurance companies are risk-neutral, and that the market for providing insurance is perfectly competitive. What prices for insurance contracts will be offered? p(normal weight)= ?? p(overweight)= ?? What will be the consumer and producer surplus in this market? CS= ?? PS= ??(I have already calculated myself how much people are willing to pay for insurance so please answer the questions I have stated here)

Adds up the money earned by producers plus taxes paid to the goverment. a) income approach b) product approach c) expenditure approach

The cost of capital: introduction the cost of capital: introduction companies issue bonds, preferred stock, and common equity to aise capital to invest in capital budgeting projects. capital is』necessary factor of production and like any other factor, it has a cost. this cost is equal to the select the applicable security. the rates of return that investors require on bonds, preferred stocks, and common equity represent the costs of those securities to the firm. companies estimate the required returns on their securities, calculate a weighted average of the costs of their different types of capital, and use this average cost for capital budgeting purposes. required return on rate: when calculating om operations when the firm's primary financial objective is to select shareholder value. to do this, companies invest in projects that earnselect their cost of capital. so, the cost of capital is often referred to as the -select -select and accruals, which a se spontaneously we hted average cost of capital wa c our concern is with capital that must be provided by select- 쑤 interest-bearing debt preferred stock and common equity. capital budgeting projects are undertaken, are not included as part of total invested capital because they do not come directly from investors. which of the following would be included in the caculation of total invested capital? choose the response that is most correct a. notes payable b. taxes payable c retained earnings d. responses a and c would be included in the calculation of total invested capital. e. none of the above would be included in the cakulation of total invested capital.

(a) what was the opportunity cost of non-gm food for many buyers before 2008? (b) why did they prefer the alternative? (c) what was the opportunity cost in 2008? (d) why did it change?