There are different types of information systems based on the different levels of hierarchy in an organization. Which system helps support business decision-making activities by manipulating and building upon the information from the systems below it in the hierarchy?

Decision Support System (DSS)

Explanation:

Decision support systems are employed by senior management to form non-routine decisions. Decision support systems use input from internal systems (transaction processing systems and management information systems) and external systems.

The main objective of decision support systems is to supply solutions to problems that are unique and alter frequently. Decision support systems answer questions such as;

What would be the impact of employees' performance if we double the assembly lot at the factory?

What would happen to our sales if a replacement competitor entered the market?

Decision support systems use sophisticated mathematical models, and statistical techniques (probability, predictive modeling, etc.) to supply solutions, and that they are very interactive.

For instance, financial planning systems of an organizations enables managers to guage other ways of achieving goals. The target is to seek out the optimal way of achieving the goal. The financial planning system will enable senior executives to ask what if questions and adjust the values for total sales, the value of products , etc. to ascertain the effect of the choice and on internet profit and find the foremost optimal way.

sound is invisible, but sometimes we can feel it. when a kettle-drum is thumped with a stick that time the tight drum skin moving up and down very quickly for some time and then it pumped sound waves into the air. loudspeakers also work in a similar manner.

components of a speaker:

electromagnet

in order to translate an electrical signal into an audible sound, an electromagnet is used in looudspeakers

  suspension

suspension is used to   center the voice coil in the gap of the magnet and it exerts a restoring force to keep it there. suspension is used to limits the maximum mechanical excursion of the diaphragm and voice coil.

voice coil

voice coil is a coil of wire which is attached to the apex of a loudspeaker cone. it provides the motive force to the cone by the reaction of a magnetic field to the current passing through it.

cone

in a   loudspeaker, a   thin, semi-rigid membrane attached to the voice coil, which moves in a magnetic gap due to which it vibrates   and produced sound. it is known as diaphragm and it can also be called a cone, though not all speaker diaphragms are cone-shaped.

surround

surround is also known as front suspension. surround is used to join the cone to the chassis. together with the suspension it controls the cone excursion, and it is also used to   determine how energy which is   travelling through the cone is absorbed, and how the speaker limits when it reaches the ends of its travel.

dustcap

dustcap is used to protect the voice coil from dust and dirt. it is a part of the cone.

how speaker work

the outer part of the cone is fastened to the outer part of the loudspeaker's circular metal rim. the inner part is fixed to   voice coil that sits just in front of a permanent magnet . when loudspeaker is hooked up to a stereo, electrical signals feed through the speaker cables into the coil. it will convert the coil into an electromagnet magnet . when electricity flows back and forth in the cables, the electromagnet either repels or attract the permanent magnet. this moves the coil back and forth, and it pull and push the loudspeaker cone. like a drum skin vibrating back and forth, the moving cone pumps sounds out into the air.in this way loudspeakers works.