Please decide whether each of the scenarios related to the loanable funds market will result in a shift in supply or a shift in demand. China decides to reduce its capital investment in the United States, as it expects low returns due to a weak U. S. economy. Calopolis, a college town in Northern California, has for many years banned the presence of fast food restaurants in city limits. As of 2012, however, the city will allow several fast food companies to open franchised locations. Due to an increase in revenues after a tax hike, the United States is able to eliminate the deficit and begins to maintain a balanced budget for the first time in several decades. As a result of a stock market boom, individuals begin to feel richer and spend more while also saving less.

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You are chairman of the board of a successful technology firm. there is a nominal federal corporate tax rate of 35 percent, yet the effective tax rate of the typical corporation is about 12.6%. your firm has been clever with use of transfer pricing and keeping money abroad and has barely paid any taxes over the last 5 years; during this same time period, profits were $28 billion. one member of the board feels that it is un-american to use various accounting strategies in order to avoid paying taxes. others feel that these are legal loopholes and corporations have a fiduciary responsibility to minimize taxes. one board member quoted what the ceo of exxon once said: “i’m not a u.s. company and i don’t make decisions based on what’s good for the u.s.” what are the alternatives? what are your recommendations? why do you recommend this course of action?

Why do you think the compensation plans differ at the two firms? in particular, why do you think kaufmann’s pays commissions to salespeople, while parkleigh does not? why does parkleigh offer employees discounts on purchases, while kaufmann’s does not?