Focusing on customers has not always been the hallmark of strategic planning. In fact, in the early 20th century, firms tended to focus strictly on rather than on developing relationships with customers.

The correct answer is letter "A": efficiency and quality.

Explanation:

Efficiency and quality were the main focuses to drive companies to the maximization of productivity during the 20th century. This movement was spread among the U.S. and Britain based on the idea that all organizations' efforts should be driven to eliminate corporate waste and inefficiency.  

One of the most recognized characters of this idea was American economist  Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) father of "Scientific Management" who looked for increasing productivity by increasing employee prosperity.

answer; i believe the correct answer is radioactive decay);