CL Inc., a new firm, used mass media to gain traction among customers. The company used sales promotions and public relations to achieve the long-term targets and goals identified by the top management. It also opted for direct marketing on a project to project basis. The assimilation of these various promotional tools is commonly referred to as

a. mobile marketing
b. sales promotion activities
c. integrated marketing communications
d. omnichannel retailing

The treasurer for pittsburgh iron works wishes to use financial futures to hedge her interest rate exposure. she will sell five treasury futures contracts at $139,000 per contract. it is july and the contracts must be closed out in december of this year. long-term interest rates are currently 7.30 percent. if they increase to 9.50 percent, assume the value of the contracts will go down by 20 percent. also if interest rates do increase by 2.2 percent, assume the firm will have additional interest expense on its business loans and other commitments of $149,000. this expense, of course, will be separate from the futures contracts. a. what will be the profit or loss on the futures contract if interest rates increase to 9.50 percent by december when the contract is closed out

Awell-written business plan can improve your chances of getting funding and give you more free time. improved logistics. greater negotiating power.

Which of these is an example of innovation?