Which of the following is subtracted from national income to get to personal income?
a . retained earnings
b . personal interest income.
c . depreciation.
d . personal taxes.

Acompany manufactures hair dryers. it buys some of the components, but it makes the heating element, which it can produce at the rate of 920 per day. hair dryers are assembled daily, 250 days a year, at a rate of 360 per day. because of the disparity between the production and usage rates, the heating elements are periodically produced in batches of 2,300 units. a. approximately how many batches of heating elements are produced annually? b. if production on a batch begins when there is no inventory of heating elements on hand, how much inventory will be on hand 4 days later? c. what is the average inventory of elements, assuming each production cycle begins when there are none on hand?

Lindon company is the exclusive distributor for an automotive product that sells for $30.00 per unit and has a cm ratio of 30%. the company’s fixed expenses are $162,000 per year. the company plans to sell 20,200 units this year. required: 1. what are the variable expenses per unit? (round your "per unit" answer to 2 decimal places.) 2. what is the break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales? 3. what amount of unit sales and dollar sales is required to attain a target profit of $72,000 per year? 4. assume that by using a more efficient shipper, the company is able to reduce its variable expenses by $3.00 per unit. what is the company’s new break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales? what dollar sales is required to attain a target profit of $72,000?

The following pertains to smoke, inc.’s investment in debt securities: on december 31, year 3, smoke reclassified a security acquired during the year for $70,000. it had a $50,000 fair value when it was reclassified from trading to available-for-sale. an available-for-sale security costing $75,000, written down to $30,000 in year 2 because of an other-than-temporary impairment of fair value, had a $60,000 fair value on december 31, year 3. what is the net effect of the above items on smoke’s net income for the year ended december 31, year 3?