Taking into account the equation of exchange and the instruments of monetary policy, which of the following would the fed to slow an excessively rapid rate of inflation? a)making open market sales of securitiesb)raising the discount ratec)raising the required reserve ratiod)all of the above would slow inflation

D

Explanation:

Taking into account the equation of exchange and the instruments of monetary policy, all of the following would help the Fed to slow an excessively rapid rate of inflation such as making open market sales of securities, raising the discount rate and raising the required reserve.

there's 11 people for the 1st position. then, no matter who gets it, there's only 10 left for the second, and then 9 left for the third. 11 x 10 x 9 = 990.   the answer is there are 990 different ways the positions can be filled by these applicants