"most organizations are not in business to provide information technology services, yet many have spent valuable time and resources on information technology functions when they should have focused on core competencies such as marketing, customer service, and new product design." refers to the benefit of outsourcing.
a. reduce both fixed and recurrent costs
b. provide flexibility
c. access skills and technologies
d. allow the client organization to focus on its core business

D. Allow the client organization to focus on its core business.  

Explanation:

Most organizations are not in business to provide information technology services, yet many have spent valuable time and resources on information technology functions when they should have focused on core competencies such as marketing, customer service, and new product design. By outsourcing many information technology functions, employees can focus on jobs that are critical to the success of the organization.

D

Explanation:

Allow the client organization to focus on its core business, this is the benefit of outsourcing

Outsourcing tasks creates freedom ,by passing on supporting processes, you’ll be able to concentrate your skills on strengthening and improving the core competencies that help make your business move forward

Organizations are often able to make a lot of improvement on their performance by drawing on the niche skills of experts in certain fields.

the answer would be voluntary exchange -

"the act of buyers and sellers freely and willingly engaging in market transactions. moreover, transactions are made in such a way that both the buyer and the seller are better off after the exchange than before it occurred."

hope this : )

-shy