Middle managers of a marketing firm were addressing the problem of creating eye-catching ads that were able to be easily reproduced in both color and black and white. one manager said, "the main problem here is we design using color to lure the consumer instead of relying on the benefits of the product itself." which of the following best describes the decision-making problem that this manager is exhibiting?
a. the manager is engaging in escalation of commitment
b. the manager is being too creative.
c. the manager is involved in participative decision making.
d. the manager is suffering from the representativeness heuristic.
e. the manager is defining the problem in terms of a solution.

During the year, the delph company had no beginning or ending inventories and it started, completed, and sold only two jobs—job d-75 and job c-100. it provided the following information related to those two jobs: job d-75: molding fabrication total direct materials cost $ 375,000 $ 325,000 $ 700,000 direct labor cost $ 200,000 $ 160,000 $ 360,000 machine-hours 15,000 5,000 20,000 job c-100: molding fabrication total direct materials cost $ 300,000 $ 250,000 $ 550,000 direct labor cost $ 175,000 $ 225,000 $ 400,000 machine-hours 5,000 25,000 30,000delph had no overapplied or underapplied manufacturing overhead during the year. assume delph uses a plantwide overhead rate based on machine-hours.1-a. compute the predetermined plantwide overhead rate.1-b. compute the total manufacturing costs assigned to job d-70 and job c-200.1-c. if delph establishes bid prices that are 150% of total manufacturing costs, what bid price would it have established for job d-70 and job c-200? 1-d. what is delph's cost of goods sold for the year? assume delph uses departmental overhead rates based on machine-hours.2-a. compute the predetermined departmental overhead rates.2-b. compute the total manufacturing costs assigned to job d-70 and job c-200.2-c. if delph establishes bid prices that are 150% of total manufacturing costs, what bid price would it have established for job d-70 and job c-200? 2-d. what is delph's cost of goods sold for the year?