Depreciation expenses affect taxminusrelated cash flows by
a. decreasing taxable income, thus reducing taxes.
b. increasing taxable income, thus increasing taxes.
c. decreasing taxable income, but not altering cash flows since depreciation is not a cash expense.
d. all of the above.

If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. there are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. the first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. the second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows: . the difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment. quantitative problem: barton industries expects next year's annual dividend, d1, to be $1.90 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.3%. the firm's current common stock price, p0, is $22.00. if it needs to issue new common stock, the firm will encounter a 6% flotation cost, f. assume that the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment is 12% and the cost of old common equity is 11.5%. what is the flotation cost adjustment that must be added to its cost of retaine

Classify each of the following items as a public good, a private good, a natural monopoly good, or a common resource.(a) measles vaccinations (b) tuna in the pacific ocean (c) airline service in the united states (d) local storm-water system

After the embarrassing sign incident at the restaurant you own, you decide to offer employees a six-week fundamental writing skills workshop. a local business communication instructor, who has experience teaching writing skills at treleaven community college, will facilitate the sessions. to encourage employees to attend these optional sessions, write an email that explains why you’re offering the workshop and why employees should participate.