Initially, the economy is in long-run equilibrium. aggregate demand then shifts leftward by $50 billion. the government wants to increase its spending in order to avoid a recession. if the crowding-out effect is always one-third as strong as the multiplier effect, and if the mpc equals 0.6, then by how much do government purchases have to increase in order to offset the $50 billion leftward shift? a. by $90 billion b. by $60 billion c. by $20 billion d. by $30 billion

1   all nations face the problem of scarcity because there are limited resources and unlimited wants. nations do not have enough factors of production to produce everything that their population wants. entrepreneurial resources initiate businesses to make new goods and services; labor resources produce goods and services.

2 there are four factors of production: natural resources, labor resources, capital resources, and entrepreneurial resources. natural resources are raw materials from nature that are used to produce goods. trees, water, and grains are natural resources. some natural resources, such as wheat and cattle, are renewable

3 wants

things that you do not need to have in order to survive, but would like to have

needs

things that you must have in order to survive

goods

physical products

services

tasks that a business perform for customers

resources

items that people can use to make or obtain what they need or want

determine

to settle or decide by choice of alternatives or possiblities

4 i really dont know

answer; blank(1); /rises; blank(2); //increases;

answer; be sure that the information on file is correct;

answer; sensory adaptation;