Which of the following statements is correct? a. the discounted cash flow method of estimating the cost of equity cannot be used unless the growth rate, g, is expected to be constant forever. b. if the calculated beta underestimates the firm's true investment risk—i. e., if the forward-looking beta that investors think exists exceeds the historical beta—then the capm method based on the historical beta will produce an estimate of rs and thus wacc that is too high. c. beta measures market risk, which is, theoretically, the most relevant risk measure for a publicly-owned firm that seeks to maximize its intrinsic value. this is true even if not all of the firm's stockholders are well diversified. d. an advantage shared by both the dcf and capm methods when they are used to estimate the cost of equity is that they are both "objective" as opposed to "subjective," hence little or no judgment is required. e. the specific risk premium used in the capm is the same as the risk premium used in the bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach.

In each of the following cases, find the unknown variable. ignore taxes. (do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to the nearest whole number, e.g., 32.) accounting unit price unit variable cost fixed costs depreciation break-even 20,500 $ 44 $ 24 $ 275,000 $ 133,500 44 4,400,000 940,000 8,000 75 320,000 80,000

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

Which of the following would classify as a general education requirement