Which of the following are disadvantages of issuing bonds instead of stock? (check all that apply.)
a. interest payments are tax-deductible.
b. interest payments have a negative impact on cash flows.
c. interest payments are legal obligations.
d. bonds are riskier than stock.
e. dividends are legal obligations.

True or false: on january 1, year one, the epstein corporation buys a plot of land with a four-story office building. the company believes the building is worth $1.9 million and has an estimated life of twenty years (with no anticipated residual value). the straight-line method is used. the land has an assessed value of $100,000. because the seller was interested in a quick sale, epstein was able to buy this land and building for $1.7 million. depreciation expense to be recognized in year one is $80,750.

Afirm plans to begin production of a new small appliance. the manager must decide whether to purchase the motors for the appliance from a vendor at $10 each or to produce them in-house. either of two processes could be used for in-house production; process a would have an annual fixed cost of $200,000 and a variable cost of $7 per unit, and process b would have an annual fixed cost of $175,000 and a variable cost of $8 per unit. determine the range of annual volume for which each of the alternatives would be best. (round your first answer to the nearest whole number. include the indifference value itself in this answer.)

At the end of the fiscal year, apha airlines has an outstanding non-cancellable purchase commitment for the purchase of 1 million gallons of jet fuel at a price of $4.10 per gallon for delivery during the coming summer. the company prices its inventory at the lower of cost or market. if the market price for jet fuel at the end of the year is $4.50, how would this situation be reflected in the annual financial statements?