Suppose that legally, people own the right to clean air. that is, it is illegal for factories to emit toxic gases into the atmosphere. (or, in other words, the right to clean air has been assigned to citizens rather than factories.) thus, legally, factories would need to either abate pollution or pay people for the damage to the air. either case would be expected to internalize the cost of pollution and reach an optimal level of output. which of the following is the most likely reason that private markets may not reach this optimal solution?
o transaction costs may be too high.
o there is no incentive to have clean air.
o the assignment of property rights is not efficient.
othe assignment of property rights is not fair.

Panera bread is a chain of cafes serving sandwiches, soups, and freshly baked breads. the company began in 1981 with stores primarily located along the east coast of the united states. since then, the firm has expanded to over 1,300 locations throughout the united states and canada. the firm has strong earnings and has been designated by business week as a "significant growth company." panera bread executives are considering the idea of expanding globally by opening cafes in asia through a franchising strategy. which of the following, if true, supports the argument that panera bread should expand into asia through franchising? a: the panera bread menu changes rapidly, and each cafe's artisan bread bakers receive regular training on new recipes. b: panera bread executives want fast access to the asian market without a significant investment of capital. c: panera bread executives want to test the asian market with a short-term commitment that allows them to make quick profits. d: the panera bread mission is to make excellent bread available to customers around the world.

Anderson, a computer engineer, and spouse, who is unemployed, provide more than half of the support for their child, age 23, who is a full-time student and who earns $7,000. they also provide more than half of the support for their older child, age 33, who earns $2,000 during the year. how many dependents may the andersons claim on their joint tax return?

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