Contingency costs in the project costs estimate, also referred to as are to cover unexpected situations that may come up during the project, such as items that may have been overlooked when the initial project scope was defined, activities that may have to be redone because they may not work the first time (redesigns), or a high probability or high impact risk that may occur.

Skathy lee berggren, a professor of oral communication at cornell university, indicates “a lot of my students re­ally [only] scratch the surface with the type of research they’re doing.” according to andy guess, at inside higher ed, “just because students walk in the door as ‘digital natives’, doesn’t mean they’re equipped to handle the heavy lifting of digital databases and proprietary search engines that comprise the bulk of modern, online re­search techniques.” students erroneously think a google search is research. as you read through the reasons that should stimulate your interest in studying research methods or evaluate the nine factors that guarantee good research, what actions do you propose to narrow the gap between students’ research competence and what’s required of a modern college graduate about to become a manage