Which of the following statements is false? a. companies are required by law to have their bonds rated by agencies such as moody's or s& p. b. the fisher effect is the relationship between nominal returns, real returns, and inflation. c. investors require higher yields on unsecured bonds than on secured bonds. d. a convertible bond can be swapped for a fixed number of shares of stock before maturity at theholder's option.

Interest is credited to a fixed annuity no lower than the variable contract rate contract guaranteed rate current rate of inflation prime rate

In a market economy, supply and demand are important because theya. (i) play a critical role in the allocation of the economy's scarce resources.b. (ii) determine how much of each good gets produced.c. (iii) can be used to predict the impact on the economy of various events and policies.d. all of (i), (ii), and (iii) are correct.

Heather has been an active participant in a defined benefit plan for 19 years. during her last 6 years of employment, heather earned $42,000, $48,000, $56,000, $80,000, $89,000, and $108,000, respectively (representing her highest-income years). calculate heather’s maximum allowable benefits from her qualified plan (assume that there are fewer than 100 participants). assume that heather’s average compensation for her three highest years is $199,700. calculate her maximum allowable benefits.