Inventories are pair of investment and therefore included in gdp because 1) firms produce goods however sometimes the goods may be unsold all the time gdp is computed 2) inventories represent the amount of factors of production firms have used to produce goods 3) the value added by production goes into goods but not production and since goods start in inventory. that component needs to be computed 4) the sale of shares of stock are not included in any other component inventories allow gdp to capture this spending.

bradford, inc., expects to sell 9,000 ceramic vases for $21 each. direct materials costs are $3, direct manufacturing labor is $12, and manufacturing overhead is $3 per vase. the following inventory levels apply to 2019: beginning inventory ending inventory direct materials 3,000 units 3,000 units work-in-process inventory 0 units 0 units finished goods inventory 300 units 500 units what are the 2019 budgeted production costs for direct materials, direct manufacturing labor, and manufacturing overhead, respectively?