Suppose the incomes of buyers in a market for a particular normal good decrease and there is also a reduction in input prices. what would we expect to occur in this market? a) equilibrium price would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be ambiguous. b) equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be ambiguous. c) equilibrium quantity would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium price would be ambiguous. d) equilibrium quantity would increase, but the impact on equilibrium price would be ambiguous.

Aland development company purchases several acres of land adjacent to a wildlife reserve. it plans to build a new community, complete with shops and schools. green sands, a local environmental group, complains that the company's proposed building methods will disrupt the area's ecological balance. the company wants to respect the local ecology but also wants to build its development. the company decides to schedule a meeting with green sands's representatives to make choices about the property that are agreeable to both sides. which strategy would be most effective in this situation?

Atlas manufacturing produces a unique valve, and has the capacity to produce 50,000 valves annually. currently atlas produces 40,000 valves and is thinking about increasing production to 45,000 valves next year. what is the most likely behavior of total manufacturing costs and unit manufacturing costs given this change? a. total manufacturing costs will increase and unit manufacturing costs will also increase. b. total manufacturing costs will stay the same and unit manufacturing costs will stay the same. c. total manufacturing costs will increase and unit manufacturing costs will decrease. d. total manufacturing costs will increase and unit manufacturing costs will stay the same.

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.