When changes to taxes and spending occur in the economy without explicit action by the central government, such policy is: 
a. cyclical
b. variable
c. discretionary
d. nondiscretionary

3. now assume that carnival booked lady antebellum in december 2016 to perform on the june 2017 western caribbean cruise. further assume that carnival pays lady antebellum its entire performance fee of $52,000 on december 28, 2016, for the june 2017 cruise. what journal entry will carnival make on december 28, 2016, for its payment to lady antebellum?

Assume that the following conditions exist: a. all banks are fully loaned up- there are no excess reserves, and desired excess reserves are always zero. b. the money multiplier is 5 .     c. the planned investment schedule is such that at a 4 percent rate of interest, investment =$1450 billion. at 5 percent, investment is $1420 billion. d. the investment multiplier is 3 . e.. the initial equilibrium level of real gdp is $12 trillion. f. the equilibrium rate of interest is 4 percent now the fed engages in contractionary monetary policy. it sells $1 billion worth of bonds, which reduces the money supply, which in turn raises the market rate of interest by 1 percentage point. calculate the decrease in money supply after fed's sale of bonds: $nothing billion.

U.s. internet advertising revenue grew at the rate of r(t) = 0.82t + 1.14 (0 ≤ t ≤ 4) billion dollars/year between 2002 (t = 0) and 2006 (t = 4). the advertising revenue in 2002 was $5.9 billion.† (a) find an expression f(t) giving the advertising revenue in year t.