The historical returns for the past three years for stock b and the stock market portfolio were stock b: 24 percent, 0 percent, 24 percent; market portfolio: 10 percent, 12 percent, 20 percent. calculate the observed covariance of returns between stock b and the market portfolio. (ignore the correction for the loss of a degree of freedom set out in the text.)

Which of the following is likely not a benefit of requiring a grand jury to listen to and examine all of the evidence against a person suspected of committing a serious crime and then independently deciding whether or not to hand down an indictment? 1.the grand jury system provides the accused another safeguard against being sent to trial and facing conviction based on flawed evidence. 2.the members of the grand jury are drawn from the community and are empowered to render independent decisions about whether or not the government has collected enough evidence to bring an individual to trial. 3.the grand jury’s decision can provide prosecutors insight into what is necessary to build a sufficient case if a similar crime is presented later. 4.the grand jury is impaneled to rubber-stamp prosecutors’ cases, which makes it possible for more cases to reach trial.

Afirm plans to begin production of a new small appliance. the manager must decide whether to purchase the motors for the appliance from a vendor at $10 each or to produce them in-house. either of two processes could be used for in-house production; process a would have an annual fixed cost of $200,000 and a variable cost of $7 per unit, and process b would have an annual fixed cost of $175,000 and a variable cost of $8 per unit. determine the range of annual volume for which each of the alternatives would be best. (round your first answer to the nearest whole number. include the indifference value itself in this answer.)

Mystic bottling company bottles popular beverages in the bottling department. the beverages are produced by blending concentrate with water and sugar. the concentrate is purchased from a concentrate producer. the concentrate producer sets higher prices for the more popular concentrate flavors. a simplified bottling department cost of production report separating the cost of bottling the four flavors follows: