Describe the concept of economics of scale. how does it relate to productivity?

Laws corporation is considering the purchase of a machine costing $16,000. estimated cash savings from using the new machine are $4,120 per year. the machine will have no salvage value at the end of its useful life of six years and the required rate of return for laws corporation is 12%. the machine's internal rate of return is closest to (ignore income taxes) (a) 12% (b) 14% (c) 16% (d) 18%

Randall's, inc. has 20,000 shares of stock outstanding with a par value of $1.00 per share. the market value is $12 per share. the balance sheet shows $42,000 in the capital in excess of par account, $20,000 in the common stock account, and $50,500 in the retained earnings account. the firm just announced a 5 percent (small) stock dividend. what will the balance in the retained earnings account be after the dividend?

On april 1, santa fe, inc. paid griffith publishing company $2,448 for 36-month subscriptions to several different magazines. santa fe debited the prepayment to a prepaid subscriptions account, and the subscriptions started immediately. what amount should appear in the prepaid subscription account for santa fe, inc. after adjustments on december 31 of the first year assuming the company is using a calendar-year reporting period and no previous adjustment has been made?