Which is an example of primary succession? a. an oak growing in an abandoned field b. ferns growing in a forest c. a new cactus growing next to an old cactus d. lichens growing on cooled lava rock

Read the following scenario to answer the following question. over the past 60 years, many amphibian species have experienced significant population declines, and some species have become extinct. scientists suspected that local human activities such as the destruction of wetlands, regional pollution, and deforestation were the main reasons for these losses. however, research over the past 20 years reveals significant amphibian population declines in protected areas of the world, such as nature preserves and parks. these global declines suggest widespread problems including increased ultraviolet radiation, acid rain, and disease. in switzerland, for example, 14 of the 20 native amphibian species are threatened with extinction. when most populations of a wide-ranging amphibian species are lost and the few remaining populations are widely separated, we expect to see that a. the founder effect becomes increasingly important b. microevolution no longer occurs c. gene flow between populations is reduced d. artificial selection becomes a greater factor in microevolution

3points hurry! what is the relationship between biotechnology, sharkskin, and disease resistance? bioengineers have developed an artificial sharkskin that does not allow resistant bacteria to grow on it. disease-causing microbes have been genetically modified to keep them from infecting the skins of sharks. scientists have created a device that can be attached to the skins of sharks that dramatically increases their abilities to resist disease. sharkskin produces many chemicals that can be collected and used to create antibiotics.

What molecules does hemoglobin decay into over time