Four (or five) cardinal signs indicate inflammation. what specific sign of inflammation is the result of exudate in the tissue spaces?

Edema

This caused when the fluids from the vessels exceeds the limit of their uptake. The blood flow is not just increased, the capillaries also became more permeable allowing the escape of fluids. This will result into the loss of fluid in the intravascular compartment  and will result into swelling in the affected area. The fluid usually accumulates in the dependent areas of the body such as in the legs, ankle, even in the lungs.

C. gemstones they are the only non metallic mineral from the list.