Transcription and translation of a gene composed of 30 nucleotides would form a protein containing no more than amino acids.

will not form a protein of not more than 10 amino acids. during transcription the DNA carrying a certain information is converted to m-RNA which will then be converted to protein in a process referred to as translation. the reason why a gene with 30 nucleotide bases will not form a protein with more than 10 amino acids is every three nucleotide base code for one amino acid. so when you divide 30 by 3 the answer is 10. 

Yes he thought they should be left to chance why, because he thought that was the best thing to do