The process of diffusion requires
a. a concentration gradient
b. none of the above
c. atp
d. a vesicle

Temperatures in ponds and lakes vary by season. select the best answer from the choices provided t f

Choose the incorrect statement (a) the motor end plate membrane is only capable of generating graded potentials, but it is contiguous with the skeletal muscle sarcolemma, which can generate action potentials. (b) propagation of an action potential through the t-tubules into the sarcoplasmic reticulum triggers the release of ca++ into the cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle fiber. (c) the generation of suprathreshold endplate potentials in multiple muscle fibers could be due to the increased frequency of action potential generation at the axon hillock of a single motor neuron. (d) a greater amount of ach would be found in the presynaptic vesicles of a motor unit that fired several action potentials after exposure to botulinum toxin, than in a motor unit that fired several action potentials after exposure to the venom of the krait snake (which contains α-bungarotoxin).

An adult inhales about 6.0×10−4 m3 of fresh air during a breath. only 20% of fresh air is oxygen. assume the pressure in the lungs is 1.0×105 paand the air is at a temperature of 300 k. how many oxygen molecules are in each breath? a. 1.4x10^23 b. 2.9x10^21 c. 4.9x10^-4 d. 2.9 x10^25