Strains of pathogens that mildly harm, but do not kill, the host plant are termed

Avirulent is the strains of pathogens that only mildly harm but do not kill the host plant are termed. Plant pathogenic bacteria cause many serious diseases of plants throughout the world but fewer than fungi or viruses, and they cause relatively less damage and economic cost.

d. in sexual reproduction, offspring have more chromosomes than

either parent.

asexual reproduction results in offspring which are genetically the same as the parent organism (not counting a rare mutation). sexual reproduction produces a random mixture of the genetics derived from both parents

explanation: