if a plant from the F1 generation is then crossed with a dwarf plant what would the phenotypic and genotyping ratios be

Which organisms have pharyngeal arches that develop from all three germ layers and go through the same development stages as embryos? 1.bird 2.ladybug 3.starfish 4.snake

This is a biological reaction due to a stimulus. i need this quickly !

Which of these is not an example of molecular homology? 1. use of dna and rna as genetic material 2.use of glycolysis as the first step in cellular respiration in both plants and animals 3. the lack of an igf-1 gene in prokaryotes 4. the use of aldolase b to break down fructose in bacteria, plants and animals