When was a control used in the investigation of the amphipods and sea butterflies? Why was a control necessary?

pteropods or sea snails, also called sea angels, produce chemical deterrents to ward off predators, and some species of amphipods take advantage of this by carrying pteropods piggyback to gain protection from their voracious predators.

Why was progress in science interrupted during the dark ages? The Roman Empire fell in the 5th century thus advancements in science came to a halt. As science halted in Europe, where else did it advance? Science advanced in other areas of the world like China, Polynesia, and Arab nations.

the cells uses some of the atoms of the glucose molecules to atp molecules. the atoms of the glucose molecules will then be converted into energy which will be eventually stored in atp. the energy produced which are stored in atp are coming from the glucose’s chemical bonds.

this age may represent the age of the earth's accretion, of core formation, or of the material from which the earth formed. this dating is based on evidence from radiometric age-dating of meteorite material and is consistent with the radiometric ages of the oldest-known terrestrial and lunar samples.