Outline the various concerns a grower might consider before applying an herbicide in the following scenario, and what type of herbicide might be appropriate. Situation: A farmer has planted a pasture with bentgrass as a forage crop for a small herd of dairy cows and their calves. The farm is artisanal, but not fully organic. The clients are health conscious and concerned with the health and treatment of the animals. The farmer has noticed nightshade and mustard growing in the field. The nightshade can harm the grazing animals and taint the milk with solanine. The mustard can also taint the milk, changing its flavor. The farmer must decide whether to use herbicides on the field, and if so, what type.

Penicillin is hydrolyzed and thereby rendered inactive by penicillinase (also known as β-lactamase), an enzyme present in some resistant bacteria. the mass of this enzyme in staphylococcus aureus is 29.6 kd. the amount of penicillin hydrolyzed in 1 minute in a 10-ml solution containing 10-9 g of purified penicillinase was measured as a function of the concentration of penicillin. assume that the concentration of penicillin does not change appreciably during the assay. penicillin(μm) amount hydrolyzed(nmol) 1 0.11 3 0.25 5 0.34 10 0.45 30 0.58 50 0.61 (a) plot v0 versus [s] and 1/v0 versus 1/[s] for these data. does penicillinase appear to obey michaelis-menten kinetics? if so, what is the value of km? (b) what is the value of vmax? (c) what is the turnover number of penicillinase under these experimental conditions? assume one active site per enzyme molecule.