which organism best represents an outgroup for determining if a bony skeleton is ancestral or derived?

Mineral rich water heated by newly found oceanic crust escapes through cracks in the ocean floor called

Which macromolecule catalyzes chemical reactions this be considered enzyme chemical reactions thus he considering enzymes

[34 points awarded to the best answer, use facts and/or data] 1.) what's the likelihood of thunderstorms occurring in the state of maryland? {this question is for a project for science, use facts and/or data and explain why . 34 points to the best answer]