State the functions and features of a cell wall

The cell wall is the outermost covering of plant cells. It is present outside the cell membrane and is tough, flexible and sometimes rigid in its texture. It is mainly composed of cellulose,  long fibres of carbohydrates including hemicellulose, lignin and pectin.

The main functions of the cell wall are:

Protecting the cell against physical damage and invading pathogens.

Regulates and controls the direction of cell growth.

Providing the strength, structural support and maintaining the shape of the cell.

Functions as a storage unit by storing carbohydrates for use in plant growth, especially in seeds.

It allows entry of smaller molecules through it freely.

Explanation:

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step 1: nitrogen fixation- conversion of atmospheric no₂ into forms useful to plants by lightning, bacteria, and cyanobacteria.

step 2: nitrification-process of converting ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

step 3: assimilation-plant roots absorb new form of nitrogen.

step 4: ammonification-conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia by bacteria involved in decomposition.

step 5: denitrification-bacteria turns the decomposed matter back into n₂o, which is released into atmosphere; repeat cycle.

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