What kind of life forms were found in the blood falls and what kind of environment did they thrive in?

Most autotrophs—organisms able to produce their own energy—are photosynthetic: They require sunlight and oxygen. The extremophiles of Blood Falls, however, do not use photosynthesis. They use a more unusual process called chemosynthesis. Chemosynthetic organisms are able to convert sulfur and iron compounds (not sunlight and oxygen) into energy. As Blood Falls’ chemosynthetic bacteria extract iron from the rocks they come in contact with, they gradually erode the bedrock around the lake.

Explanation:

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.