When you pulled the diaphragm down what change occurred in chest cavity pressure (think about what changes in pressure occur during inspiration)? Explain how this change in chest cavity pressure affected the lungs.

"During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts downward, and rib muscles pull upward, causing air to fill the lungs. (This increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and decreases pressure in the lungs — the air will flow from the higher pressure environment to lower pressure area in the lungs.) "

"When you pull down on the diaphragm, you increase the volume of the bell jar, thus lowering the pressure. Air is then forced into the “lungs” from outside, lowering the volume in the bell jar (and stretching the balloons) until the pressures inside and outside the bell jar are equal."

answer;

a. sheep consumption efficiency would be reduced.

explanation;

-trophic efficiency is a measure of how much energy occurs at one level divided by the energy at the level immediately below it . trophic efficiency incorporates three types of efficiency:

-the proportion of available energy that is consumed (consumption efficiency).   it is the proportion of the available biomass that is ingested by consumers.

-the proportion of ingested food that is assimilated (assimilation efficiency).

-the proportion of assimilated food that goes into new consumer biomass (production efficiency).

-in this case, the grasshoppers would affect sheep by reducing the proportion of the available biomass that is ingested by the sheep.