How is meiosis used nowadays in modern technology to understand how to repair genetic defects in germline cells?

How does a gymnosperm prevent itself from pollinating the same tree

1. an enzyme is considered a(n) because it speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up.2. in a catalyzed reaction, a reactant is often called a(n) . an enzyme is specific because the shape of its matches only particular reactants.4. an enzyme speeds up reactions by lowering the . the between an active site and its substrate often strains bonds and the reaction proceed.6. a( , which is often a vitamin, binds to an enzyme and plays a role in catalysis.7. high temperatures or changes in ph can an enzyme, causing it to lose its shape and biological activity.

The backbone of the double helix has an alternating molecules. what do you call these alternating molecule?