Green plants are called producers because they take energy from sunlight and produce food in which the energy is stored. From there the energy goes to organisms that eat the
plants, called consumers. Animals that eat only plants are called herbivores. An easy way to
remember this is to think of herbs like basil, rosemary, and oregano.
Herbivores are in turn often eaten by another kind of consumer called predators, or
carnivores, which means "meat-eaters." These organisms get energy from eating the flesh of
other animals. Animals who eat both plants and meat, like humans, are called omnivores,
which means "everything-eaters.”
Eventually, even predators die. When they do, tiny fungi and bacteria consume the remains
of their bodies. These tiny organisms, called decomposers, get their energy from the flesh
of the dead bodies. Decomposers such as bacteria leave behind only the most basic elements
in the body, like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous. These elements are then washed into
the soil by the rain, and the food chain starts all over again.
Which of the following is an example of an omnivore?

To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.

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Hershey and chase confirmed that dna, not protein, was the genetic material. how do the results of their two experiments support this conclusion?