In addition to mutations, genetic variation can also arise during the formation of gametes during meiosis. During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes can randomly exchange segments, in a process called crossing-over. This trading changes the order of the genes in the DNA and on the chromosomes. Exchange material is integrated into the rest of the chromosomes DNA. Each chromosome loses some DNA and gains some DNA. As a result, there are more genotypes in the offspring. 2. What function does recombination by crossing-over have in genetic variation