1. Below is an excerpt from a scientific article: "So, what is a fertilized egg, what is an early embryo? The Convention on Biomedicine offers three possible answers that are mentioned in the supplementary protocol on human cloning: an
embryo is a person, a human being, or a conglomerate (To form or gather into a mass or whole) of human cells. I suggest that the last possibility be excluded, because there is indeed a
significant difference between human gametes and an early embryo. The embryo has a gender. It has the ability-and not merely in the sense of an abstract potential--to become a human being
if its development is allowed to follow its natural course. The common objection that 'nature' does not implant all fertilized egg cells does not count in this context because 'nature' cannot be
treated as a morally responsible subject. Anyone who is not prepared to accept the cruelty of nature' as an ethically restrictive argument should not use it as a normative argument for
Indifference either."
"If we are dealing with an embryo as a human being, we must consider giving it a status that is morally relevant. If we do so, can we maintain that every embryo is the bearer of individual rights
that would preclude its destruction or even its being put at risk? My point of view is that simply belonging to the human species already entails a particular right to protection, which transcends
that applied to animals. Those who do not want to protect embryos Individually, but would rather protect them only as a particular kind of biological material that has to be treated with respect
but could be used for research therefore violate, in my opinion, the morally relevant status of a human being."
Based on argument provided in the article, what is the reasoning that embryonic stem cells should not be used in research?
Using embryonic stem cells opens the door for regulation on in-vitro fertilization thus prolonging the process for eager parents.
O An embryo can suffer damage from the removal of stem cells and the potential of becoming a human being
O An embryo has a gender and has the potential to become a human being and using them in biomedical research would violate the morally relevant status of a human being.
Embryonic stem cells should be considered just as cells because they are still capable of a number of developments but not of developing into a fetus if they are Implanted in a womb.