The complex metabolic pathways in the parasite Trypanosoma brucei (the causative agent of sleeping sickness) were elucidated in part by adding radiolabeled metabolites to cultured parasites. In the parasite, glucose is converted to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the cytosol. PEP then enters an organelle called the glycosome and is converted to oxaloacetate (OAA); OAA is then converted to malate, and malate to fumarate. Fumarate reductase catalyzes the conversion of fumarate to succinate; the succinate is then secreted from the glycosome. If C1 of glucose is labeled, what carbons in succinate are labeled? a. C1
b. C2
c. C3
d. C4
e. All of them