What is a variable that is controlled or influenced by something else?

This is called a dependent variable. It depends on the others to help it change.

You are thinking of a dependent variable, an example would be like a tree's growth is dependent of the amount of water given to it, which makes the water the independent variable.

D.) domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus then species

According to edgenuity, the answer is c.