The resting potential is the permanent state of the neuron; the charge of the neuron does not change.

Both of the statements that is given is false because when the neuron is in resting potential, it is not in a permanent state and the resting potential is negative. The charge of the neuron will be depending on each activities or the charges it accumulates, that is why it is not true that it does not change. 

the denominator has a very specific role.

a tetrad is the foursome during meiosis made by two homologous chromosomes that have each already replicated into a pair of sister chromatids.