Apigeon was shocked every time it landed on the telephone wire. after a few times of this, the pigeon learned not to land on the wire. it learned this by

This type of conditioning is known as operant conditioning. This is a way of conditioning that uses a stimulant to either encourage someone to do something or encourages someone not to do something again. In this case, the "shock" is a negative stimulant, encouraging the pigeon not to land on the wire again. After a few times of landing and getting shocked, it realizes that if it does not land on the wire, it will not get shocked.

The answer is atmosphere. there are four spheres of the earth: 1. geosphere (from greek word 'geo' = ground), 2. hydrosphere (from greek word 'hydro' = water), 3. biosphere (from greek word 'bio' = life), and 4. atmosphere (from greek word 'atmo' = air). a magnetosphere is a region of space around astronomical objects controlled by the magnetic field of that object. through the process of elimination, since lightning is present in the air, it can be found in the atmosphere.