How dna polymerase, the double helix structure of dna, and the base-pairing rules work together to produce two identical copies fo the original dna molecule

The identical copies of DNA are produced through a process called DNA replication which takes place through S phase of the cell cycle. DNA replication is an enzyme-mediated process like DNA helicase, primase, polymerase which also uses ATP.

Double helical structure: both the strands of DNA acts as a template for the synthesis of new strands where one acts as a leading strand(3'→ 5') and one acts as lagging strand (5'→3').

DNA polymerase: Binds to the unwinded DNA after the action of helicase and adds nucleotides to the growing DNA chain using ATP. It also exhibits a proofreading mechanism.

Base-pair rule: Given by Chargaff, stated that adenine binds to thymine and guanine binds to cytosine in the complementary strand.

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