During what cycle are sugars produced in the chloroplast

The Calvin cycle is the cycle where in sugars are produced in the chloroplast. Calvin cycle is also known as the Calvin-Benson cycle. Calvin cycle has three stages this is fixation, reduction, and regeneration.  Calvin cycle is needed in Photosynthesis.    

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above