In chemical reactions, enzymes the chemical reaction by the activation energy.
a. speed up, lowering
b. raised the temperature of, increasing
c. store atp in, lowering

drfgt dfs f grftsrh fg rts gh   htr hr rs t

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.