Which disturbance would result in primary succession?

Formation of Surtsey, a volcanic island off of the southern coast of Iceland.

Explanation:

Primary succession takes place at the places where there id no life because of the soil. The species grow on the ashes of the volcanic eruption.

The events that could to volcanic eruption will also aid in the primary succession.

The volcanic eruption leaves ashes and minerals behind that leads to the growth of pioneer species where primary succession takes place.

answer; i believe its (ovulation);