How does groundwater become polluted?

Water is polluted when its composition has been altered in such a way that it is unfit for a particular purpose. The deterioration of groundwater quality can be caused directly or indirectly by human activities or natural processes, the combined action of both factors being more frequent. The groundwater pollution caused by human activity can be grouped into four groups: Urban and Domestic Pollution, Agricultural Pollution, Industrial Pollution, and Pumping-induced Contamination.

Urban and domestic pollution: Caused by the discharge of untreated domestic effluents into the hydrographic network, septic tanks, and dumps. Domestic effluents contain mineral salts, organic matter, non-biodegradable compost, viruses, and microorganisms. This type of pollution reaching the aquifer causes increased mineralization, increased temperature, the appearance of color, unpleasant taste and odor.

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